Garnett roll



GARNET? ROLL Filed April 11, 1961.

FIG]. 2 FIGZ INVENTOR F R A N K B M ORR ILL United States Patent 3,264,690 GARNETT ROLL Frank B. Morrill, North Adams, Mass., assignor, by

mesne assignments, to Crompton & Knowles Corporation, Worcester, Mass., a corporation of Massachusetts Filed Apr. 11, 1961, Ser. No. 102,281 8 Claims. (Cl. 19112) This invention relates to Garnett rolls of the type comprising a cylinder having a toothed wire secured to the peripheral portion of the cylinder and spiralling around the cylinder axis. The invention has particular reference to a roll of this type having improved means for securing the toothed wire to the cylinder.

In Garnett rolls as commonly used in the textile industry, the toothed wire secured in a spiral arrangement on the peripheral portion of the roll or cylinder, and which serves as clothing, must occasionally be replaced. Heretofore, the mounting of the toothed wire on the roll to permit such replacement has presented serious problems. For example, it has been common practice to cut a spiral groove in the periphery of the Garnett cylinder and wind the toothed wire in the groove under some tension, after which the wire is secured in place by a caulking operation, as by means of a wheel moved be tween the turns of the toothed wire so as to crowd the metal of the cylinder periphery against a tapered part of the wire. This arrangement holds the wire securely but has the disadvantage that each time the cylinder has to be re-clothed, the spiral groove in the cylinder periphery must be turned off and a new groove cut in the cylinder, whereupon the cylinder is re-wired and recaulked. Thus, the number of re-clothings of the cylinder is quite limited, as the cylinder wall is too thin to permit many re-cuttings of the spiral groove. A further disadvantage is that each time a cylinder is re-clothed, its diameter is reduced; and, since the Garnett rolls or cylinders operate one against another, the adjustment on a Garnett machine is limited. Consequently, the number of possible re-cuttings of the spiral groove in the cylinder is limited even if the cylinder is made initially with a relatively thick wall.

Another arrangement commonly used for Garnett rolls is to wind the rolls with toothed wire of the so-called surface-type, that is, wire having an extended base which serves as a spacer for the turns or convolutions of the wire. This arrangement has the advantage that the toothed wire can be replaced without changing the diameter of the Garnett rolls. However, it has the distinct disadvantage that if the toothed wire breaks, there is nothing to hold it in place, so that it is apt to enter the machine and spoil the wire on the other rolls. Such breaking of the Garnett wire may also constitute a hazard to personnel and spoil the textile material on which the machine is operating.

According to another arrangement proposed heretofore, as disclosed in Dixon Patent No. 927,955, issued July 13, 1909, the cylindrical surface is cut to form a spiral groove as previously described; but instead of winding the toothed wire in this groove of the cylinder, a filler strip is wound in the groove. The filler strip is of sufiicient depth so that when it is seated in the groove, the turns of the strip project from the cylindrical surface of the roll to define therewith a second spiral groove. The toothed wire is then wound in the spiral groove fromed by the turns of the filler strip, with the base of the wire seated against the cylinder periphery forming the bottom of this groove, and the wire is secured in this groove by upsetting the metal of the projecting turns of the filler strip. Thus, the toothed wire is held in position in its groove by caulking in the same manner as in the prior rolls previously described, except that the metal which is upset in the caulking operation is the metal of the filler strip rather than the metal of the cylinder itself. Accordingly, when it becomes necessary to remove the toothed wire for reclothing of the Garnett roll, the filler strip and the wire are removed simultaneously from the cylinder so that a new filler strip and toothed wire can be installed on the cylinder with the latter in its original condition. In addition to preserving the original diameter of the cylinders, there is the further advantage that the toothed wire is wound onto the turned surface of the cylinder, which tends to be very true; whereas, there is some tendency for the depth of the groove in the cylinder to vary throughout the length of the cylinder, so that the toothed wire does not project uniformly from the cylinder if the wire is seated on the bottom of the groove in the cylinder. Also, the bottom corners of the groove cut in the cylinder are slightly rounded, whereas the toothed wire of the new roll is seated on a perfectly flat surface on the cylinder periphery.

While the last-mentioned arrangement disclosed in said Dixon patent has the advantages noted above, it presents a serious problem in fastening the ends of the filler strip securely to the cylinder in such a manner that this strip can be readily removed without damaging the cylinder, when the latter is to be re-clothed. More particularly, if the ends of the filler strip are secured by staking or otherwise upsetting the metal of the cylinder, or by attaching them to end rings so secured to the cylinder, removal of the filler strip in a practicable manner requires machining or turning the cylinder periphery at its opposite end portions, thereby essentially defeating the purpose of the filler strip.

An object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problem and provide a Garnett roll in which the ends of the filler strip are securely fastened to the cylinder and yet can be readily detached therefrom without a turning operation or otherwise altering the condition of the cylinder.

The above-noted object is accomplished by cutting in each cylindrical end portion of the cylinder a circumferential groove somewhat deeper than the spiral groove which is to receive the filler strip and by securing in each of these relatively deep grooves a ring which is detachable from the cylinder. The peripheries of these rings are flush with the cylinder periphery and are formed with spiral grooves which are continuations of the spiral groove cut in the cylinder periphery to receive the filler strip. The latter is wound in the composite groove in the cylinder and rings, and the opposite end portions of this strip are fastened by staking or otherwise upsetting the metal f the rings, the toothed wire being wound in the spiral groove formed by the filler strip and being fastened therein by upsetting the metal of the projecting turns of the filler strip. Thus, in re-clothing the Garnett roll, the end portions of the filler strip can be released from the cylinder by performing a turning or cutting operation on each of the rings, without impairing the cylinder itself, and removing the toothed wire and filler strip simultaneously from the cylinder. New rings can then be secured in the corresponding deeper grooves, the new rings being formed with spiral groove extensions to receive and anchor the end portions of the new filler strip, as previously described.

Another object of the invention is to provide a Garnett roll having an improved arrangement for balancing the cylinder to counteract any out-of-balance resulting from the clothing or re-clothing operation or from any other cause.

The latter objective is accomplished by providing in at least one end wall of the roll and annular groove extending around the roll axis, at least one of the opposing side walls of this groove having serrations or teeth extending generally parallel to the roll axis. Within this groove is at least one plug of relatively soft material, such as lead, hammered or otherwise driven into a selected portion of the annular groove so asto effect the desired balance when the roll is rotated on its axis, the plug being held in the selected position by the teeth embedded in the plug incident to its being driven into the groove. To rebalance the roll, one or more additional plugs may be driven into the toothed groove at the proper location or locations. A plug may be removed when desired by drlling it or in any other suitable manner.

For. a better understanding of the invention, reference may be had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view ofa Garnett roll embodying a preferred from of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a side elevational view ofone end portion of the roll shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a detail view of part of the roll cylinder illustratedpin FIGS. 1 and 2, in longitudinal section, showing the spiral groove formed by the filler strip before the toothed wire is wound in this groove;

tions are bottomed on the peripheries of rings 14-15.

Atoothed or Garnett wire 21 extends spirally around the cylinder 10'and rings 1415.:in.the groove 20, where it is held by edge portions 22 of the filler strip which FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3, showing the toothed wire wound on the cylinder and secured by upsetting the metal of the filler strip;

FIG. 5 is a side elevational view of the toothed wire; and

FIG. 6 is an outer face view-of one of the heads securedin each end of the cylinder,v showing a balancin plug driven into the toothed annulargroove.

Referring to the drawings, the reference numeralv 1 0 designates the cylinder of the Garnett roll, the cylinder having a hollow interior 11. The cylinder 10 may be made'of steel and is formed near its opposite ends with i relatively deep circumferential grooves 12 and 13,-respectively, for receiving split rings 14 and 15, respectively, whichrnay be made of brass. Each ring 14-15 is initially in the, form of circular strip, which is pressed into the corresponding circumferential groove, after. which the ends of the ring are soldered together. tion of the ring is further secured .to the cylinder by a fastening element 9,.such. as a rivet, screw or bolt, the ring being countersunk to receive the heads;of these elements. The outer surfaces of rings 14-15 are flush'with the peripheral surface of cylinder 10, which relationship can be attained by turning the rings after they are secured in their grooves.

The periphery of cylinder 10 is also provided with a spiral groove 16 extending between the rings 14-15,-this groove being shallower than the grooves 12-13. The rings 14-15 have similar spiral grooves 14a and- 15a,

Each end .porv respectively, forming extensions of spiral groove 16. The

composite groove 14a-16-15a extends, spirally around the-cylinder axis and may be, formed by a continuous, cutting operation on thecylinder 10 andthe rings 14- 15 after the latter are installed. A filler strip 17 extends spirally around the cylinder axis in the groove ,14a-16- 15a from thejring 14 to the ring 15. Atits ends, the

strip 17 issecuredto the respective rings 14 and 15 by staking or otherwise upsetting themetal of these rings against the sides of those turns of strip 17 which lie in the spiral grooves 14a-15a of the rings, as shown at 18. Thus, the filler strip is seated in spiral groove 14a- 16-15a and has its opposite end portions secured in the spiral grooves of rings 14-15 which are in turnsecured in the deeper grooves 12-13 of cylinder 10'. The filler strip 17 is of a depth substantially greater than the depth of the spiral groove 14a-16-15a, whereby the turns or convolutions of the filler strip project substantiallybeyond the periphery of the cylinder 10 and rings 14-15. Consequently, the projecting turns of the filler strip 17 define with this periphery a second spiral groove 20, as shown particularly in FIG. 3. It will be apparent that the turns of the latter groove at its opposite end porare upset against the side surfaces of the wire 21. As

best shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the toothed wire 21 has a cross-section which tapers somewhat from the base of,

the. wire, and the. outer edge. portions '22 of the filler strip are, upset laterally against the tapered sides of the wire so as to hold the base of the wire securely against the bottom of spiral groove ZQbetWeen the projecting turns of the filler strip. The depth :of the-wire 21 is substantially greater-:than the 1 depth of the groove-20..:

which receives the wire, so that. the teeth of the wire project substantially .be'yondtheperiphery of the filler strip 17.

In assembling the illustrated form of the Garnett roll, with the end rings 14-15 installedzand grooved as described, one endtpoztion-of the-filler strip 17 is inserted.

in the spiralgroove of one ofthe rings 14E15,- such as ring 14, where it is staked in position as shown-at 18. The filler strip'17 isE then wound around the cylinder in the groove .16, and, the opposite end portion of the filler" strip is wound around the end ring. 15 in. its spiral groove 15a, and stakedto this ring, .as shown at 18.: One end of the Garnett wire 21: is then, inserted in the groove,

20 adjacent one end .of filler-strip 17, and (staked ,in position by upsetting the metalof the-adjacent edges of:the filler strip, as by means of a chisel; whereupon the wire 21. is wound .around the cylinder in the spiral groove .20 under tension, .and the opposite end ofthe. wire similarly staked in the groove :20. adjacent the corresponding end offiller strip 17. By the usual swaging .or caulking operation, the portionsof the toothed-wire lying between its ends may be secured in the; groove 20 either during or after the winding. operation, as shown at 22.

To remove the Garnett wire 21 from-the roll,the end I portions: of filler 'strip17 may be released from the roll 1 by turning or cutting operations which remove metal 1 frornend rings 141-15 rather than from the. c ylinder ltl itself,""such release permitting simultaneous removal of];

The ,,rings 14-15- may then be removed from theirigrooves12-13 by break-.

the, wire -21' and filler strip 17.

ing the soldered joints between the adjacent ends of the respective split rings and removingthe fastening elements 9, as by applying 'a chisel to their. heads in case these 7 elements are-rivets or by unscrewing them if they are; machine screws. New rings 14-15 are then installed, as

previously described, to receive the end portions of the new filler. strip '17. in the spiral grooves- -14a-15a' of the .1

new rings.

In each endgof cylinder 10 is a cylindrical head 25; fitted closely. in an enlarged portion "of; the hollow in- Q terior ll. Each head is;releasably secured in the ,cylin der by aylocking pin -26=and hasv a central openingfin'v which a shaft 27 is keyed, as. shown at 28. The shafts 27 are suitably journaled to; mount the cylinder 10f0r rotation aboutits axis, itibeing understood-that the roll is driven in the conventional-manner.

Each head 25pis provided .in its outer face with. an annular groove 29 concentric to .the rotation axis of the cylinder. The opposite side wwalls of each groove 29 are serrated tmform'teeth 30 extending parallel to the cylinder axis over substantially the full depth :of the groove. A counter-weight in the form of a lead plug 31' issecured in each groove 29in position to counteract out-of-balance .of the roll, as may occur, for ex- .ample, incident to the clothingoperation. The plug 31 initially has a thickness approximately equal to the maximum width of groove 29-arid is applied by hammering or otherwise driving ,it=into the groove, whereby the teeth I 30 are embedded in the metal of the plug so astohold it securely in position. It will be understood that additional plugs 31 may be driven into groove 29 in selected positions for obtaining the desired balance. Removal of a plug may be effected by drilling it. If desired, an annular cover plate (not shown) may be releasably secured to each head 25 over its groove 29.

I claim:

1. A Garnett roll comprising a cylinder having circumferential grooves in the cylinderical peripheral surface of the cylinder at the respective end portions thereof, said peripheral surface also having a groove extending spirally around the cylinder axis from one to the other of said circumferential grooves, said circumferential grooves being substantially deeper than the spiral groove, an end ring releasably secured in each circumferential groove and having its peripheral surface flush with said peripheral surface of the cylinder, each end ring having in its peripheral surface a spiral groove forming an extension of said spiral groove in the cylinder, said spiral grooves in the cylinder and rings forming a composite spiral groove of substantially uniform width and depth, a spiral filler strip seated in said composite groove and havits turns projecting from said peripheral surfaces of the cylinder and rings to define therewith a secondspiral groove, at least some of the metal of said rings adjacent the spiral grooves thereon being upset laterally against the filler strip to anchor the end portions of the filler strip in the rings, and a spiral toothed wire secured in said second spiral groove.

2. A Garnett roll according to claim 1, in which said projecting turns of the filler strip have upset portions staking the toothed wire in said second spiral groove.

3. A Garnett roll according to claim 1, comprising also removable fastening elements securing said rings to the cylinder.

4. A Garnett roll according to claim 1, comprising also removable fastening elements securing said rings to the cylinder, each fastening element extending through the corresponding ring and through the bottom of the corresponding circumferential groove in the cylinder, each fastening element having a head, and the rings being countersunk to receive the heads of said elements.

5. A Garnett roll according to claim 1, in which each end ring is split and has a breakable joint between adjacent ends of the ring.

6. A Garnett roll according to claim 1, in which each end ring is split .and has a breakable joint between adjacent ends of the ring, the roll comprising also removable fastening elements extending through the adjacent end portions of the split ring to secure said end portions to the cylinder.

7. A Garnett roll according to claim 1, comprising also members forming end walls of the cylinder for supporting the cylinder for rotation about its axis, at least one of said end walls having an annular groove substantially concentric to said axis, at least one of the side walls of the groove being serrated to form teeth extending generally parallel to said axis and closely spaced around said axis, and a plug driven into said groove and in which at least one of said teeth is embedded to hold the plug in a selected position for counteracting rotational outof-balance of the cylinder.

8. In a Garnett roll, the combination of a cylinder, wire clothing removably secured to the peripheral surface of the cylinder, members forming end walls of the cylinder, shaft means protruding outwardly from the respective end walls for supporting the cylinder for rotation about its axis, at least one of said end walls having an annular groove substantially concentric to said axis, said groove being spaced radially from the corresponding shaft means and opening outwardly through said one end wall, at least one of the side walls of the groove being serrated to form teeth extending generally parallel to said axis and closely spaced around said axis, and a plug driven into said groove and in which at least one of said teeth is embedded to hold the plug in a selected position for counteracting rotational out-of-balance of the cylinder.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 927,955 7/1909 Dixon 19-97 1,620,871 3/1927 Carrey 74573 1,913,852 6/1933 OSullivan 51-169 2,175,131 10/1939 Schwartz 19-97 2,861,471 11/1958 Kronenberg 74573 ROBERT R. MACKEY, Primary Examiner. DONALD W. PARKER, Examiner. D. NEWTON, Assistant Examiner. 

1. A GARNETT ROLL COMPRISING A CYLINDER HAVING CIRCUMFERENTIAL GROOVES IN THE CYLINDRICAL PERIPHERAL SURFACE OF THE CYLINDER AT THE RESPECTIVE END PORTIONS THEREOF, SAID PERIPHERAL SURFACE ALSO HAVING A GROOVE EXTENDING SPIRALLY AROUND THE CYLINDER AXIS FROM ONE TO THE OTHER OF SAID CIRCUMFERENTIAL GROOVES, SAID CIRCUMFERENTIAL GROOVES BEING SUBSTANTIALLY DEEPER THAN THE SPIRAL GROOVE, AN END RING RELEASABLY SECURED IN EACH CIRCUMFERENTIAL GROOVE AND HAVING ITS PERIPHERAL SURFACE FLUSH WITH SAID PERIPHERAL SURFACE OF THE CYLINDER, EACH END RING HAVING IN ITS PERIPHERAL SURFACE A SPIRAL GROOVE FORMING AN EXTENSION OF SAID SPIRAL GROOVE IN THE CYLINDER, SAID SPIRAL GROOVES IN THE CYLINDER AND RINGS FORMING A COMPOSITE SPIRAL GROOVE OF SUBSTANTIALLY UNIFORM WIDTH AND DEPTH, A SPIRAL FILLER STRIP SEATED I SAID COMPOSITE GROOVE AND HAVITS TURNS PROJECTING FORM AND PERIPHERAL SURFACES OF THE CYLINDER AND RINGS TO DEFINE THEREWITH A SECOND SPIRAL GROOVE, AT LEAST SOME OF THE METAL OF SAID RINGS ADJACENT THE SPIRAL GROOVES THEREON BEING UPSET LATERALLY AGAINST THE FILLER STRIP TO ANCHOR THE END PORTIONS OF THE FILLER STRIP IN THE RINGS, AND A SPIRAL TOOTHED WIRE SECURED IN SAID SECOND SPIRAL GROOVE. 